Biodiesel is the name of a clean burning alternative fuel produced from domestic, renewable resources such as vegetable oils or other renewable resources. It can be made from soy or canola oil, waste cooking oil, and even animal fats. Biodiesel contains no petroleum, but it can be blended at any level with petroleum diesel to create a biodiesel blend. It can be used in compressionignition (diesel) engines with no major modifications. Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free of sulfur and aromatics. Biodiesel can be distributed using today’s infrastructure, and its use and production are increasing rapidly. Fuel stations are beginning to make biodiesel available to consumers, and a growing number of transport fleets use it as an additive in their fuel.
Biodiesel is gaining popularity because it’s good for the environment and can be used in almost any diesel vehicle built in the past 10 years. The production of biodiesel is an industry in its infancy within the United States , even though the market for the alternative fuel has been a mainstay in Europe and South America for years. It is expanding rapidly all over the world due to growing concerns about levels of environmental pollution and limited supply of energy sources.
In 2000, biodiesel became the only alternative fuel in the country to have successfully completed the EPA-required Tier I and Tier II health effects testing under the Clean Air Act. These independent tests conclusively demonstrate biodiesels’ significant reduction of virtually all regulated emissions, and showed biodiesel does not pose a threat to human health. A US Department of Energy study showed that the production and use of biodiesel, compared to petroleum diesel, resulted in a 78.5% reduction in carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, biodiesel has a positive energy balance. For every unit of energy needed to produce a gallon of biodiesel, 3.24 units of energy are gained. Many federal agencies, including the Department of Defense (DoD), are choosing to use biodiesel or biodiesel blends.
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